Defense Compounds Rather Than Nutrient Availability Shape Aggressiveness Trait Variation Along a Leaf Maturity Gradient in a Biotrophic Plant Pathogen
Identifieur interne : 000026 ( France/Analysis ); précédent : 000025; suivant : 000027Defense Compounds Rather Than Nutrient Availability Shape Aggressiveness Trait Variation Along a Leaf Maturity Gradient in a Biotrophic Plant Pathogen
Auteurs : Agathe Maupetit [France] ; Romain Larbat [France] ; Michaël Pernaci [France] ; Axelle Andrieux [France] ; Cécile Guinet [France] ; Anne-Laure Boutigny [France] ; Bénédicte Fabre [France] ; Pascal Frey [France] ; Fabien Halkett [France]Source :
- Frontiers in Plant Science [ 1664-462X ] ; 2018.
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Abstract
Foliar pathogens face heterogeneous environments depending on the maturity of leaves they interact with. In particular, nutrient availability as well as defense levels may vary significantly, with opposing effects on the success of infection. The present study tested which of these factors have a dominant effect on the pathogen’s development. Poplar leaf disks of eight maturity levels were inoculated with the poplar rust fungus
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DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01396
PubMed: 30323821
PubMed Central: 6172983
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sortKey="Andrieux, Axelle" sort="Andrieux, Axelle" uniqKey="Andrieux A" first="Axelle" last="Andrieux">Axelle Andrieux</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Université de Lorraine, INRA, IAM</institution>,<addr-line>Nancy</addr-line>,<country>France</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Guinet, Cecile" sort="Guinet, Cecile" uniqKey="Guinet C" first="Cécile" last="Guinet">Cécile Guinet</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>ANSES, Laboratoire de la Santé des Végétaux, Unité de Mycologie</institution>,<addr-line>Malzéville</addr-line>,<country>France</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boutigny, Anne Laure" sort="Boutigny, Anne Laure" uniqKey="Boutigny A" first="Anne-Laure" last="Boutigny">Anne-Laure Boutigny</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff3"><institution>ANSES, Laboratoire de la Santé des Végétaux, Unité de Mycologie</institution>,<addr-line>Malzéville</addr-line>,<country>France</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Fabre, Benedicte" sort="Fabre, Benedicte" uniqKey="Fabre B" first="Bénédicte" last="Fabre">Bénédicte Fabre</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Université de Lorraine, INRA, IAM</institution>,<addr-line>Nancy</addr-line>,<country>France</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Frey, Pascal" sort="Frey, Pascal" uniqKey="Frey P" first="Pascal" last="Frey">Pascal Frey</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Université de Lorraine, INRA, IAM</institution>,<addr-line>Nancy</addr-line>,<country>France</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Halkett, Fabien" sort="Halkett, Fabien" uniqKey="Halkett F" first="Fabien" last="Halkett">Fabien Halkett</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="aff1"><institution>Université de Lorraine, INRA, IAM</institution>,<addr-line>Nancy</addr-line>,<country>France</country></nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea># see nlm:aff country strict</wicri:regionArea></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Frontiers in Plant Science</title><idno type="eISSN">1664-462X</idno><imprint><date when="2018">2018</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="mix" xml:lang="en"><term>aggressiveness traits</term><term>constitutive defense</term><term>nutrient availability</term><term>plant pathogen interaction</term><term>plasticity</term><term>polyphenol content</term><term>rust fungus</term></keywords><keywords scheme="mix" xml:lang="fr"><term>disponibilité d'éléments nutritifs</term><term>défense de la plante</term><term>feuille végétal</term><term>interaction plante pathogène</term><term>maturité physiologique</term><term>melampsora larici populina</term><term>populus</term><term>pouvoir pathogène</term><term>sporulation</term><term>teneur en phénols</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Foliar pathogens face heterogeneous environments depending on the maturity of leaves they interact with. In particular, nutrient availability as well as defense levels may vary significantly, with opposing effects on the success of infection. The present study tested which of these factors have a dominant effect on the pathogen’s development. Poplar leaf disks of eight maturity levels were inoculated with the poplar rust fungus <italic>Melampsora larici-populina</italic> using an innovative single-spore inoculation procedure. A set of quantitative fungal traits (infection efficiency, latent period, uredinia size, mycelium quantity, sporulation rate, sporulation capacity, and spore volume) was measured on each infected leaf disk. Uninfected parts of the leaves were analyzed for their nutrient (sugars, total C and N) and defense compounds (phenolics) content. We found that <italic>M. larici-populina</italic> is more aggressive on more mature leaves as indicated by wider uredinia and a higher sporulation rate. Other traits varied independently from each other without a consistent pattern. None of the pathogen traits correlated with leaf sugar, total C, or total N content. In contrast, phenolic contents (flavonols, hydroxycinnamic acid esters, and salicinoids) were negatively correlated with uredinia size and sporulation rate. The pathogen’s fitness appeared to be more constrained by the constitutive plant defense level than limited by nutrient availability, as evident in the decrease in sporulation.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Adandonon, A" uniqKey="Adandonon A">A. Adandonon</name></author><author><name sortKey="Regnier, T" uniqKey="Regnier T">T. Regnier</name></author><author><name sortKey="Aveling, T A S" uniqKey="Aveling T">T. A. S. Aveling</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Agrios, G N" uniqKey="Agrios G">G. N. Agrios</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Bilgrami, K S" uniqKey="Bilgrami K">K. S. 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Halkett</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>France</li></country></list><tree><country name="France"><noRegion><name sortKey="Maupetit, Agathe" sort="Maupetit, Agathe" uniqKey="Maupetit A" first="Agathe" last="Maupetit">Agathe Maupetit</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Andrieux, Axelle" sort="Andrieux, Axelle" uniqKey="Andrieux A" first="Axelle" last="Andrieux">Axelle Andrieux</name><name sortKey="Boutigny, Anne Laure" sort="Boutigny, Anne Laure" uniqKey="Boutigny A" first="Anne-Laure" last="Boutigny">Anne-Laure Boutigny</name><name sortKey="Fabre, Benedicte" sort="Fabre, Benedicte" uniqKey="Fabre B" first="Bénédicte" last="Fabre">Bénédicte Fabre</name><name sortKey="Frey, Pascal" sort="Frey, Pascal" uniqKey="Frey P" first="Pascal" last="Frey">Pascal Frey</name><name sortKey="Guinet, Cecile" sort="Guinet, Cecile" uniqKey="Guinet C" first="Cécile" last="Guinet">Cécile Guinet</name><name sortKey="Halkett, Fabien" sort="Halkett, Fabien" uniqKey="Halkett F" first="Fabien" last="Halkett">Fabien Halkett</name><name sortKey="Larbat, Romain" sort="Larbat, Romain" uniqKey="Larbat R" first="Romain" last="Larbat">Romain Larbat</name><name sortKey="Pernaci, Michael" sort="Pernaci, Michael" uniqKey="Pernaci M" first="Michaël" last="Pernaci">Michaël Pernaci</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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